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2010

International,  ACL (papers with reading comittee)

Science, Vol. 330, No. 6010. (10 December 2010), pp. 1543-1546. doi:10.1126/science.1194573

09 Dec 2010   Genome Expansion and Gene Loss in Powdery Mildew Fungi Reveal Tradeoffs in Extreme Parasitism

Pietro D. Spanu, James C. Abbott, Joelle Amselem , Timothy A. Burgis, Darren M. Soanes, Kurt Stüber, Emiel V. Loren van Themaat, James K. M. Brown, Sarah A. Butcher, Sarah J. Gurr, Marc-Henri Lebrun, Christopher J. Ridout, Paul Schulze-Lefert, Nicholas J. Talbot, Nahal Ahmadinejad, Christian Ametz, Geraint R. Barton, Mariam Benjdia, Przemyslaw Bidzinski, Laurence V. Bindschedler, Maike Both, Marin T. Brewer, Lance Cadle-Davidson, Molly M. Cadle-Davidson, Jerome Collemare, Rainer Cramer, Omer Frenkel, Dale Godfrey, James Harriman, Claire Hoede , Brian C. King, Sven Klages, Jochen Kleemann, Daniela Knoll, Prasanna S. Koti, Jonathan Kreplak , Francisco J. López-Ruiz, Xunli Lu, Takaki Maekawa, Siraprapa Mahanil, Cristina Micali, Michael G. Milgroom, Giovanni Montana, Sandra Noir, Richard J. O’Connell, Simone Oberhaensli, Francis Parlange, Carsten Pedersen, Hadi Quesneville , Richard Reinhardt, Matthias Rott, Soledad Sacristán, Sarah M. Schmidt, Moritz Schön, Pari Skamnioti, Hans Sommer, Amber Stephens, Hiroyuki Takahara, Hans Thordal-Christensen, Marielle Vigouroux, Ralf Weßling, Thomas Wicker, Ralph Panstruga

Powdery mildews are phytopathogens whose growth and reproduction are entirely dependent on living plant cells. The molecular basis of this life-style, obligate biotrophy, remains unknown. We present the genome analysis of barley powdery mildew, Blumeria graminis f.sp. hordei (Blumeria), as well as a comparison with the analysis of two powdery mildews pathogenic on dicotyledonous plants. These genomes display massive retrotransposon proliferation, genome-size expansion, and gene losses. The missing genes encode enzymes of primary and secondary metabolism, carbohydrate-active enzymes, and transporters, probably reflecting their redundancy in an exclusively biotrophic life-style. Among the 248 candidate effectors of pathogenesis identified in the Blumeria genome, very few (less than 10) define a core set conserved in all three mildews, suggesting that most effectors represent species-specific adaptations.

Update: 10 May 2011
Creation date: 10 Dec 2010