Study : Reprogramming of bacterial and plant sulfur metabolisms in Enterobacter sp. SA187-induced plant salt stress tolerance




Identification
Name
Reprogramming of bacterial and plant sulfur metabolisms in Enterobacter sp. SA187-induced plant salt stress tolerance
Identifier
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Description
Although some mechanisms are known how plant growth beneficial bacteria help plants to grow under stressful conditions, we still know little how the metabolism of host plants and bacteria is coordinated during the establishment of functional interaction. In the present work, using single and dual transcriptomics, we studied the reprograming of metabolic and signaling pathways of Enterobacter sp. SA187 with Arabidopsis thaliana during the change from free-living to endophytic host-microbe interaction. We could identify major changes in primary and secondary metabolic pathways in both the host and bacteria upon interaction, with an important role of the sulfur metabolism and retrograde signaling in mediating plant resistance to salt stress. Also, we studied the effect of SA187 endogenous compounds and its role on sulfur metabolism and consequently salt tolerance. These data should help future research in the field of beneficial plant-microbe interactions for developing sophisticated strategies to improve agriculture of crops under adverse environmental conditions. transcriptome of Arabidopsis thaliana organs with beneficial microbe, beneficial microbe endogenous compound, and ethylene precursor Overall design: Arabidopsis thaliana Col-0 seeds were surface sterilized 10 min in 70% EtOH + 0.05% sodium dodecyl sulfate on a shaker, washed 2 times in 96% EtOH and air dried. Sterilized seeds were sown on half-strength Murashige and Skoog (Murashige and Skoog, 1962) (MS) agar plates (0.9% agar) inoculated with SA187 for SA187 treated samples, and other treatments were directly stratified for 2 days at 4˚C in darkness. After stratification, seeds were germinated vertically for 5 days at 22 °C and 16/8 h light/dark cycle with photon flux density 150 μmol m-2 s-1 during the light cycle. Uniformly germinated seedlings with 1 cm root length were then transferred and grown vertically in 1/2MS with 100 mM NaCl plates, and for ACC (1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid, Sigma) and KMBA (2-keto-4-methylthiobutyric acid, Sigma) treatments 100 nM dilutions with water of each substance were added into pre-cooled ½ MS agar medium together with 100 mM NaCl, and all seedlings for all treatments were grown for another 16 days. Six seedlings were transferred to each plate. To prepare the SA187 inoculum, overnight bacterial cultures in LB broth (Sigma) were harvested, centrifuged 15 min at 3,000 rpm, washed twice in liquid MS and resuspended in MS to a final OD600 = 0.2. Plates containing 50 ml of cooled-down 1/2MS were inoculated with 0.1 ml of the bacterial suspension (~10^7 CFU) and let solidify. At the end of the experiment, whole 21 days-old plant organs where collected and immediately submerged in liquid nitrogen, then stored at -80˚C until needed.
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